The Hospital of Santa Chiara, ornew hospital of Santo Spirito, was born at the behest of Pope Alexander IV who, through a papal bull of 1258, imposed certain conditions for withdrawing the excommunication that had loomed over the city since 1241. For Pisa it was the starting point of its renowned local healthcare system and today, in its oldest part, the building it houses the Museo delle Sinopie del Campo Santo. The sinopias are the preparatory drawings of frescoes, made with red powder from Sinope, a Turkish city on the Black Sea.